Kaliningrad yabaye igice cy'u Burusiya gute, ivanwe k'u Budage?_ isheja

Kaliningrad n'igice cy'u Burusiya ariko giherereyye m'Uburengerazuba bw'u Burayi, kuva m'u Burusiya ujya i Kaliningrad bisaba gutega indege igucisha mu kirere cy'Ibindi Bihugu cyangwa se hejuru y'inyanja ya Baltic kugira ngo ugere i Kaliningrad n'ubwo naho ari m'u Burusiya, udateze indege watega ubwato cyangwa Gari ya moshi nayo yagucisha mu bindi Bihugu kugira ngo ugere mu gice cy'u Burusiya giherereye kumpera z'u Burayi.

Kaliningrad ibarwa nk'intara imwe igize Federation y'u Burusiya, iherereye hagati ya Polonye ( Poland) na Lithuania, maze ikaba ikora neza neza ku inyanja nto ya Baltic.

Kaliningrad iriho kuva mu mwaka wa 1255, aho yayoborwaga na Conisberga ( Umwami w'umusozi),  kuva mu 1466 kugera mu 1656 Kaliningrad yari kuri Polonye, Kaliningrad kandi yigeze Kuba umurwa mukuru w'Ubwami bwa Prussia, kuva mu 1871 Kaliningrad yari k'Ubwami bw'Abami bw'Abadage.

Nyuma y'intambara y'Isi ya 2, mu 1945, Uburusiya bwigaruriye Kaliningrad buyomeka k'Ubumwe bwaba Soviets,  Leta zunze ubumwe za America n'Ubwongereza byemeje ko iki gice Kaliningrad kigirwa igice cy'Ubumwe bwaba soviets mu nama yabereye i Postdam.

Muri iyi nama yabereye i Postdam Perezida wa USA Harry S Truman na Minisiteri w'Intebe w'Ubwongereza Clement Richard Attlee bemeye ko Kaliningrad yomekwa k'Uburusiya ku buryo bwemewe kandi kumugaragaro mu Mahoro. Bemeje ko bashyigikiye igitekerezo cy'Uburusiya cyo kwiyomekaho Kaliningrad.

Uko niko iki gice giherere k'u Burayi benshi bibaza mpamvu ki ari ubutaka bubarizwa k'u Burusiya, cyaje Kuba ubutaka bw'u Burusiya. Cyabaye ubutaka bw'Uburusiya gityo.

Kaliningrad yiswe ityo mu 1946, mbere yitwaga Conigsberg.

Kaliningrad ikimara guhindurwa Uburusiya, Abaturage b'Abadage bari bahatuye barahavanwe hahita hatuzwa Abarusiya, ikidage cyahavugwaga kiracibwa hatangira gukoreshwa Ikirusiya nk'Ururimi rwemewe.

Uyu mugi wari warashenywe cyane n'ibisasu by'Abongereza, wongeye kubakwa uhinduka umugi w'amabengeza, ukurur ba mukerarugendo benshi.

Uyu mugi Abarusiya bari barafashe nyuma y'intambara ya 2 y'Isi, baje kuwuhindura ahantu heza ho gukangira Abanyaburayi na America mu ntambara y'Amagambo iyi bise iy'ubutita. Abarusiya bahashinje intwaro zabo Kirimbuzi bahashyira indege z'intambara ndetse n'amato yabo rutura, Abanyaburayi barakangarana bitavugwa.

I Kaliningrad kandi mu gihe cy'intambara y'ubutita hashyizwe ingabo z'u Burusiya zirwanira mu mazi, zari zifite ubutumwa bwo gusenya Ibihugu byo k'u Burayi ku buryo bwihuse, mu gihe intambara  y'Amagambo yaba ivuyemo iy'Amasasu, bivugwa ko hashyizwe amatsinda y'abasilikare y'amagome kurusha andi mu ngabo z'Uburusiya.

Muri icyo gihe Kaliningrad yahise iba igice gifunze k'ubanyamahanga kuko wari umugi uhinduwe uwa Gisilikare.

Kaliningrad mu buryo bw'Ubumenyi bw'Isi.

Iherereye m'Uburengerazuba bw'Uburusiya, ifite ubuso bungana na kilometero 15,100, ikaba igice cy'Uburusiya ariko kitari k'UburusIya neza nk'ubutaka bufatanye, nta mupaka Kaliningrad ihana n'Uburusiya.

Kaliningrad n'igice cy'Uburusiya gikora ku Inyanja nto ya Baltic.

Amajyaguru y'Uburasirazuba ya Kaliningrad hari igihugu cya Lithuania, Amajyepfo ya Kaliningrad hakaba Polonye mu gihe m'Uburengerazuba hari Inyanja ya Baltic.

Uva mu Uburasirazuba ujya m' Uburengerazuba ni kilometero 205, Uva mu Amajyepfo ukagera mu Amajyaguru ni kilometero 108.

Igice Kaliningrad yegereye cyane cyo m'Uburusiya ni Pskov hagati y'ibyo bice harimo Kilometero 800, mu gihe kuva Moscow ujya i Kaliningrad ari kilometero 1289.

Kaliningrad ikaba ari igice gisurwa cyane bitewe naho giherereye ndetse n'Amateka yayo benshi baba bashaka kumenya.

Kaliningrad ifite Uturere 19, umugi mukuru ni Kaliningrad. 

Ituwe n'Abaturage 937,360, abatuye mu migi ni 717,425 mu gihe 219,935 batuye mu Bice by'icyaro.

Abaturage bahatuye bakomoka mu Bihugu 30, ariko abenshi ni Abarusiya 78.1%,   Abanya_Belarusia 7.7%,   Ukraine 7.6%,  Lithuania 1.9%,  Armenia 0.8%,  Abadage 0.6%.

Ubukungu bwa Kaliningrad bushingiye kubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro, gucuruza umuriro w'amashanyarazi ndetse n'inganda.